eiddle and w



J. J. RIDDLE 8: W. S. GRAY. PETROLEUM VAPOR STOVE.

No. 65,507. Patented June 4, 1867.

@ g ig wi @ffm.

J. J. RIDDLE AND W. S. GRAY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 65,507, dated June 4, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN PETROLEUM-VAPOR 'srovrs.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, J. J. RIDDLE and W. S; GRAY, of the city of Pittsburg, county of Allegheny, and.

State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Petroleum-Vapor Stoves; and we do hereby declare that the following is a clear, full, and exact descriptiouof the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in w;hich'-- Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the stove, the front half being cut away that the difierent parts of said stove may be more clearly seen.

Figure 2 is a similar view of the heater or oil vaporizer in a different shape.

Figures 3, 4, and 5 are similar views of the oil vaporizer in different shapes.

This invention relates to a new and improved method of heating petroleum of any gravity, or other carbon oils, to any degree ofhea-t desired, andburning the same without carbonaceous deposit on the, inside of the heater, and without the usual odor and unhealthy gases arising from the combustion of carbon oils.

To enable those skilled in the art to understand and construct our invention, we will proceed to describe .it.

The 'reservoir A, (fig- 1,) is made of tin or other metal. A isfilled with oil by means of hole a, which hole is closed when A is filled. The oil runs down the metal pipe 2' to valve-seat q, but can go no lower until the valve is drawn back out of its seat 9 by turning the-wheelp, whenit goes down the hole e into pipe P, and along P to P- and P, down to case a of needle f, and aroundf up through the needle-valve 1), up into chamber H, where if the oil has been vaporized by heater P, the oily vapor or gas mixes with the heated air entering H from the bottom of H, and ascends through the foraminous plate or cap E, and burns or is set afire on the upper side of said plate E.' The air entering the fire-chamber F through openings 1* in F, (see fig. mixes with the flame, and makes the combustion complete. In a few minutes heater P is red hot. The'size of the flame is regulated by turning wheel g, which raises or lowers needle f into valve 1). The fire is lit by heating the pipe P with a lamp, or with oil burning in box as for four or fiveminutes, and if the oil is very heavy heating the pipe P with a lamp near the point where it enters the firechamber F at the same time. If valvesq andv be now opened, P, P, and P" will vaporize the oil flowing from fountain A, said vapor-gas will pass through 21 up the mixing-chamber H, and through the perforated plate E, where it can be lit with a. match applied upon the upper side of E. Plate E and its perforation should always be kept clean and free from soot, that the combustion may be perfect. E and F may be made of iron, tin, or other suitable metal, but brass is the best because it best resists the action of the fire. The heater or burner P may be made out of brass, wrought iron, or other suitable metal. We have found wrought iron very good. Pipes W, P, S, P, i, and It may be made out of brass, iron, or other suitable metal. Valve q can be made out of the metals-ordinarily used for such purposes. Needlcf should be steel, its case 0 and wheel 9 of iron or brass. A B C D R H maybe made of sheet iron, tin, brass, or other suitable metal. The stove-frame J and its legs i may be made of cast iron. The heater P, when used for light oils only, should have a continuous conduit of not less than ten or twelve inches in the flame surrounded by F. Such a conduit is shown in figs. 3, 4, and 5. Where heavy or lightoilsare used, the continuousconcluit heater or burner P in the flame, and surrounded by it in F, should be from two to four feet'lcng. Such a heater is shownin figs. -2 and 1. We find that the oil cannot be heated too hot. But we also find when the oil is heated hot enough to burn up all the carbon in the heater, that a large amount of oxygenand moisture in the atmosphere is consumed, leaving the atmosphere too dry, and probably mixed to a certain extent with carbonic acid. At any rate headache is the consequence invariably when the room is closed tight. The oxygen and moisture can be restored, and the carbonic acid, whatever there may be, not only be absorbed but probably destroyed by giving out its oxygen to the hydrogen of the water, the combustion of the two gases forming a moist atmosphere.

It more than the proper amount of water is passed intothe flame in chamber F, (which is the plan we adopt to restore moisture to the atmosphere,) an oily smell is produced. Having used the stove for several weeks in our families for cooking and heating rooms, we know that there is no deposit of carbon on the inside-of heater P, that thereis no odor or smell, and that persons who are subject to headache from the use of coal-stoves are free from it when using our stove. That. the amount of water passed into the flame may be regulated nicely and easily, we pass from a vessel of water, R, placed in any convenient position, a tube o pipe, W, into the fire-chamber F, and continue it 111 any ordinary shape and of any length desired in said chamber F, having in said pipe in chenlber'F one or more openings b, zor the exit of steam into the flame. In said pipe W, from the levelof cap E, we fill that part of pipe W running to the water-vessel R with cotton strings or other capillary substances, said cotton strings going to the bottom of vessel R. If said cotton strings W c'arry up water too fast, raise a part of them out of the water. When it is desirable to have the'vessel of water closed, a. pipe, S is placed in chamber F, similar to pipe W, and continued to said water-vessel C, placed atany convenient point on the stove or about the flame, (on or around a radiator, for example,) said pipe being continued some distance in water-vessel C, and having an opening, t, near the top of vessel 0 in it, (pipe 8,) that steam may pass up said pipe. This pipe S may be filled with any capillary substanconp to the level of E or not, as desired. Pipe S heats the water in vessel C if said vessel is close to the fire. that part of S outside of C to that inside of vessel 0. The water is poured into C through hole m, which is then closed. When heavy oils are used, or intense heat is needed, it is very desirable to iiiix some water, not drops, but as much like mist as possible, with the oil before it is heated. T'iis' wedo by placing a vessel of For convenience a connecting-nut, It, connects water, B, at anyconvenient point. From the bottom of B cotton strings d, e...cased or not, go to the top of tube 71,. which is as high as the top of reservoir A, and down tube It to pipe 2'. The water is drawn up strings d by capillary attraction to the top of h, and down'h to and into pipe 2'. By said capillary action the water is drawn up tothe top of h, and down it in such a manner that it is absorbed by the oil as it enters pipe 1. Part of said strings d can be raised out of B and the water in it, if they carry up water to the top of It, and down It too fast. Itheatcr P be made of wrought iron at great deal of this water is burned. Pipes W and'S will also burn water if made of wrought iron. How economical or useful this may be remains to be seen.

Many persons complain because the atmosphere'at the door is not heated. This diliiculty we overcome by passing a pipe or pipes, D, sufiicientlv arge to not obstruct the draught'up from the fire-box F and down as near the floor asdesired.

Fig. 2, which shows a modification of heater P, (fig. 1,) is a coil formed by cutting a screw six or eight threads, G, to the inch, with deep matrices P, said threads G. being covered closely by a case, G", screwed or otherwise securely fastened on to the piece in which said threads G are cut, thus forming by said matrices P a circuitous conduit oi three .or more f etaround a piece two 'and a half inches long. Said coil may be placed horizontal or perpendiculanor both, ar'l be used for heating the water as well as for heating the oil. As length of conduit within the flame is absolutely essential to a good heater, we consider it (fig. 2) practically the best shape for a heater. Fig. 5 shows a heater which may be used either horizontal or perpendicular, or both.

We do not wish to use or claim any conduit hea er which cannot be used in the horizontal and perpendicular plans combined, or in either separately, and be so surrounded by the flame that we'may use the heat of the blue part of the flame, and the reducing and oxidizing parts of it. We do not wish to use or claim a sinuous, serpentine, or spiral beater, above the fl ame,-becouso such heater is necessarily short, and in the horizontal plane to get the greatest heat, with its lower surface only exposed to the flame, and its upper surface to droughts of air, We think it suitable only for light oils. Nor do we wish to throw the gas through a cold atmosphere against the burner, part burning and part escaping, when mixing-chamber H and foraminous cap E are not used.

But what we do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Acoiled, curved, or other ordinary shaped continuous conduit heater P within the flame, and of sufficient length to vaporize any of the difi'erent grades of petroleum oils, in combination with foraminous cap E, and mixing-chamber H, for the uses and purposes mentionedsubstantially as'described.

2. The carrying of water from a vessel, R, into the Home in chamber F, by-means of tube Wfilled with any ordinary capillary substance W,-for the uses and purposes mentioned substantially as described.

3. The-carrying of steam from a closed vessel, 0, by means of tube S into the Home in chamber F, for the uses flrfl l purposes mentioned substantially as described.

4. The carrying of water into the cold oil from a vessel, B, by means of the capillary substance (1 and tube It, for the uses and purposes mentioned substantiallyas described.

J. J. RIDDLE, W. S. GRAY.'

Witnesses:

WILLIAM P. HUNTER, R..-Dsnxuns. 

